Black smoke burning and purifying apparatus for vehicle exhaust

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides an improved black smoke burning and purifying apparatus for a vehicle exhaust comprising a burning system connected to intake of the exhaust and also to an emission smoke buffered filtering system. The emission smoke is guided into the burning chamber of the burning system and the fuel is atomized by a fuel atomized nozzle without being affected by the emission smoke. A pneumatic pump delivers air into the burning chamber to enhance burning and the emission smoke sequentially passes through buffering and filtering units of said buffered filtering system. Said buffering unit reduces flow rate of the emission smoke to prevent backflow from blowing off the spark. The emission smoke drives a turbine blade to force it pass through the filtering unit to burn off the carbon residuals thereof with the high temperature emission smoke to maintain proper emission of the exhaust of a diesel engine.

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is related to a filtering apparatus installed at the rear end of an exhaust of a diesel engine for cleaning carbon residuals thereof in order to maintain a proper exhaust emission of the diesel engine.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART

Exhausts of vehicles with diesel engines tend to have carbon residuals accumulated at the filtering system of the filter once the smoke is exhausted therefrom. When the carbon residual reaches a certain level of thickness, emission blockage at the exhaust often occurs, which would unfavorably cause the internal pressure (back pressure) of the exhaust pipe to rise; therefore, in the automotive industry, it is common to install a back pressure sensor inside the exhaust pipe of a diesel engine vehicle to detect the pressure value at the filter of the filtering system such that condition of blockage caused by the carbon residuals therein can be detected. Once the carbon residuals accumulated at the filter of the filtering system at the exhaust of the diesel engine vehicle reaches a significant thickness to cause an emission blockage, the rise of the back pressure of the emission can be detected and signals can be sent by the engine management system to raise the working temperature of the engine in order to burn off the carbon residuals accumulated at the surface of the filter of the filtering system for cleaning and for eliminating the emission blockages thereof Nevertheless, due to poor traffic conditions, for example urban cities such as Taipei, traffic jam often occurs and cars tend to be frequently on halt or due to personal driving preferences to drive at low speeds, for example short distance driving or avoiding the use of highways, the engine would operate at low speed without high rises of engine working temperatures such that the carbon residuals accumulated at the surface of the filter of the filtering system thereof cannot be effectively burned off, which would in turn, not only affect the exhaust emission of the diesel engine but also proper operation and functions of the diesel engine of the vehicle. As a result, drivers can only have the vehicles repaired and maintained by skilled technicians to burn off the carbon residuals at the surface of the filter of the filtering system, which is not only time consuming, costly but also troublesome to drivers.

In most western countries, in order to meet the four-stage vehicle emission standard, vehicle engines are improved with the introduction of common rail computer ignition systems to further reduce the toxic gases of such as CO, HC, NOx and Sox and black smoke particles emitted. Furthermore, in addition to the installation of honeycomb type ceramic filters, the exits of engine valves are added with a tiny portion of diesel fuel once the back pressure is elevated to a certain level in order to increase the burning temperature such that the temperature is raised high enough to burn off the accumulated particles inside the filter. Alternatively, the aforementioned tiny portion of diesel fuel can also be added to areas adjacent to the filter inside the exhaust pipe in order to increase the internal temperature of the filter. However, the aforementioned methods can only be accomplished with modifications to the electronic components originally provided and constructed by the vehicle manufacturer and any modification to the filtering system would alter the original construction of the vehicle differ from the settings done by the vehicle manufacturer, which would too cause difficulties for future maintenance of the vehicle and is considered to be impractical and noneconomic or costly to drivers and car owners.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A primary objective of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of carbon residuals accumulated at the filter to cause emission blockages of the exhaust of a diesel engine car that is installed with conventional filtering system inside the exhaust; wherein such conventional filtering system is often installed at the rear end of the exhaust of the diesel engine car to filter the emission smoke of the diesel engine. As such conventional filtering system installed at the rear end of the exhaust of a diesel engine car is prone to emission blockages due to the carbon residuals accumulated inside the filter over time, the filter of the emission of the exhaust from the diesel engine is affected and degraded, causing improper operations of the diesel engine as a result.

Another objective of the present invention is to improve the emission smoke of an exhaust disclosed in the U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/1,596,025 such that the shortcoming of incomplete burning of improperly guided air flow and the frequent engine stall caused by the emission smoke being blocked by structures such as the oil atomized nozzle can be overcome.

A primary feature of the present invention relies at least in that the intake end of the exhaust pipe is fluidly connected to a burning system that is further fluidly connected to an emission smoke buffered filtering system. As the emission smoke is guided into the burning chamber of the burning system, the fuel is unaffected by the blowing flow of the emission smoke and is atomized via the injection of the oil atomized nozzle, which is then ignited cooperatively by the igniter. During which, the pneumatic pump pumps air into the burning chamber to enhance the burning and the emission smoke of high temperature then sequentially passes through the emission smoke buffering unit and the filtering unit of the emission smoke buffered filtering system. By using the emission smoke buffering unit to slow down the flow of the emission smoke, the backflow of the emission smoke can be prevented to avoid the ignited spark from being blowing of Following which, the emission smoke is able to drive the turbine blade in rotation to force the flow of the emission smoke itself to pass through the filtering unit again. Therefore, the high temperature of the emission smoke can be used for cleaning and burning off the carbon residuals accumulated at the filtering unit such that the exhaust emission of the diesel engine can be properly maintained without blockages.

The technical feature of the aforementioned burning system of the present invention comprises an external pipe with a burning chamber. An internal of the external pipe comprises a cavity having a oil atomized nozzle and at least one igniter provided therein. The oil atomized nozzle is fluidly connected to a fuel pump tank via a conduit and the conduit is provided with a solenoid valve. A compartment of the cavity is fluidly connected to a pneumatic pump via another conduit. The burning chamber of the external pipe is fluidly connected to an intake end of the vehicle exhaust.

The technical feature of the aforementioned emission smoke buffered filtering system of the present invention includes that it is fluidly connected to the burning chamber of the external pipe. The emission smoke buffered filtering system comprises an emission smoke buffering unit and a filtering unit arranged in sequence; wherein the emission smoke buffering unit comprises an emission smoke buffering shield and a turbine blade rotatably installed therein such that the emission smoke passing through the burning system sequentially enters into the emission smoke buffering shield to drive the turbine blade in rotation in order to force the emission smoke to pass through the filtering unit uniformly and to exit from an exhaust end of the vehicle exhaust and such that carbon residuals accumulated at the filtering unit can be burned off by the emission smoke of a uniform high temperature.

The emission smoke buffering shield of the emission smoke buffering unit of the present invention is a conical shield, and the conical shield comprises a conical wall with a plurality of through-holes provide thereon. The plurality of through-holes are provided for the emission smoke to pass therethrough such that the flow rate of the emission smoke is reduced when passing through the conical shield. The emission smoke of reduced flow rate can then further drive the turbine blade in rotation to force the emission smoke itself to pass through the filtering unit uniformly and with an increased speed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an illustration showing an embodiment of the burning and purifying apparatus of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

As shown in FIG. 1, an improved black smoke burning and purifying apparatus for a vehicle exhaust of the present invention comprises a burning system 2 and an emission smoke buffered filtering system 3 fluidly connected in sequence. In which, the burning system 2 comprises an external pipe 21 with a burning chamber 210 in an internal thereof and a side wall of the external pipe 21 is fluidly connected to an intake end 11 of the vehicle exhaust 1. The internal of the external pipe 21 comprises a cavity 22 having a compartment of 220 formed therein. The cavity 220 comprises an oil atomized nozzle 23 and at least one igniter 24. The oil atomized nozzle 23 is fluidly connected to a fuel pump tank 25 arranged at the outer of the external pipe 21 via a conduit and the conduit is further provided with a solenoid valve 251. The compartment 220 of the cavity 22 is fluidly connected to a pneumatic pump 4 via another conduit and the pneumatic pump 4 is able to deliver air from the outer of the external pipe 21 into the compartment 220. The igniter 24 comprises a spark plug 241 and a protective cover 242 enclosing an exterior of the spark plug 241. The protective cover 242 is able to protect the spark plug 241 from the attachment of the carbon residuals thereon in order to ensure the proper operation of the ignition.

The aforementioned emission smoke buffered filtering system 3 comprises an emission smoke buffering unit 3A and a filtering unit 3B arranged in sequence. The emission smoke buffering unit 3A comprises an emission smoke buffering shield 31 and a turbine blade 32 with a unique curvature shape and rotatably installed therein such that the emission smoke passing through the burning system 2 sequentially enters into the emission smoke buffering shield 31 to drive the turbine blade 32 in rotation in order to force the emission smoke to pass through the filtering unit 3B uniformly and to exit from an exhaust end 12 of the vehicle exhaust. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the emission smoke buffering shield 31 is a conical shield, and the conical shield comprises a conical wall with a plurality of through-holes 311 formed thereon. The filtering unit 3B comprises at least one filter 33 arranged at the exhaust end of the emission smoke buffering unit 3A. The center of the turbine blade 32 comprises an axle 321 pivotally attached to a fixture and the turbine blade 32 is positioned between the emission smoke buffering shield 31 and the filtering unit 3B such that when the turbine blade 32 is driven by the axial air flow to rotate, the air flow is forced to pass through the filtering unit 3B.

With the improved burning and purifying apparatus of the present invention and during its normal operation and working condition, the emission smoke exhausted by the diesel engine flows directly into the burning chamber 210 at the intake. At the same time, the fuel pump tank 25 delivers the fuel to the solenoid valve 251 via the conduit. The time of activation of the solenoid 251 is then controlled for the delivery of the fuel to the oil atomized nozzle 23 upon which it is atomized to tiny particles of gasoline and the igniter 24 is able to ignite the atomized gasoline for burning such that the internal temperature of the burning chamber 210 is increased. During which, the pneumatic pump 4 also operates to deliver the external air into the compartment 220 while the gasoline and air are mixed at an optimal ratio to form a fuel air inside the burning chamber 210 for an optimal burning. The emission smoke after burning then flows to the emission smoke buffering shield 31 and passes through each of the through-holes 311 formed thereon. As the conical shape of the emission smoke buffering shield 31 acts as a buffer to slow down the flow of the emission smoke, the flow of the emission smoke passing through the emission smoke buffering shield 31 is able to drive the turbine blade 32 to rotate. Upon which, the curvature of the blades of the turbine blade 32 can guide the flow of the emission smoke to the filter 33 forcefully and uniformly in order to utilize the emission smoke at high temperature to burn off the carbon residuals accumulated at the filter 33 and eventually to exhaust the emission smoke from the exhaust end 12 to the external. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An improved black smoke burning and purifying apparatus for a vehicle exhaust, comprising: a burning system comprising an external pipe with a burning chamber in an internal thereof; said internal of said external pipe comprising a cavity; a compartment of said cavity comprising an oil atomized nozzle and at least one igniter; wherein said oil atomized nozzle is fluidly connected to a fuel pump tank via a conduit, said compartment of said cavity is fluidly connected to a pneumatic pump via another conduit and said burning chamber of said external pipe is fluidly connected to an intake end of said vehicle exhaust; an emission smoke buffered filtering system fluidly connected to said burning chamber of said external pipe and comprising an emission smoke buffering unit and a filtering unit arranged in sequence; wherein said emission smoke buffering unit comprises an emission smoke buffering shield and a turbine blade rotatably installed therein such that an emission smoke passing through said burning system sequentially enters into said emission smoke buffering shield to drive said turbine blade in rotation in order to force said emission smoke to pass through said filtering unit uniformly and to exit from an exhaust end of said vehicle exhaust.
 2. The improved black smoke burning and purifying apparatus for a vehicle exhaust according to claim 1, wherein said emission smoke buffering shield is a conical shield, and said conical shield comprises a conical wall with a plurality of through-holes formed thereon. 